Complete the fields “Address,” “Country/Region,” “City,” “Post code,” Click “Continue”:
Click “No thanks”:
Check boxes that apply to your situation. Click “Continue”:
For now, we will limit ourselves to the free tier of services, “Physical products” and “Downloads.” Avoid checking the remaining boxes until you become more expert, as these additional options incur a monthly or annual cost cost. Click “Continue”:
Select answers to the questions. Click “Continue”:
For now, we will de-select the additional services. Click “Continue”:
Click “Continue with my active theme”:
Click “No thanks”:
Click “Next”:
Click “Next”:
Click “Let’s go”:
Configuring WooCommerce
The WooCommerce plugin page appears. The “Finish setup” wizard is displayed. Explore the wizard by completing the steps. We will not explore this wizard in detail as it is largely self-explanatory, and there are many permutations of possible choices specific to each business case.
Avoid “Set up payments” until you have learned more
Delay configuring payments for your store until the end. You should feel comfortable experimenting with the software before there are live financial consequences due to a link with a payment service.
Avoid Jetpack and WooCommerce Tax, set up taxes manually
In the “Set up tax” section, avoid the option “Install Jetpack and WooCommerce Tax,” and instead select the option “Set up manually.”
Start by setting tax rates manually. If you decide later that you need the functionality in the “Jetpack” and “WooCommerce Tax” tools, you can install them later.
Web presence step by step is a series of posts that show you to how to build a web presence.
In this chapter, we install and configure the WP Mail SMTP plugin for WordPress to enable WordPress to send email messages.
WordPress needs to be able to send emails
Some operations require that the WordPress software be able to send email messages. We need to choose or create a Gmail account from which messages will be sent. We need to configure that Gmail account with a web application and OAUTH2 authentication tokens. We need to install and configure the WP Mail SMTP plugin with information from the Gmail account.
Choosing or creating a Gmail account from which to send email messages
Choose an existing Gmail account, or create a new Gmail account. This account should not be the same email account you use for some other purpose, such as employee email. This Gmail account will be used by the WP Mail SMTP plugin for WordPress to send email messages. Login to this Gmail account.
Creating a web application and OAUTH2 authentication tokens
Check the box for “I agree to the Google Cloud Platform Terms of Service…” Select Country “I would like to receive periodic emails…” Select “No” Click “Agree and continue”:
Click “Go to credentials”:
Which API are you using? Gmail API
Which data will you be accessing? Web server (e.g. node.js, Tomcat)
Click “What credentials do I need?”:
Click “Set up consent screen”:
User Type Select “External”
Click “Create”:
Complete the fields as shown below (use your domain instead of the example domain)
Click “Save and continue”:
Click “Add users”:
Enter an email address. Click “Add”:
Click “Save and continue”:
You will see a screen similar to the following. Note that we are on the right tab. Click on the left tab:
Enter values for “Name,” “Authorized JavaScript engine.”
For the field “Authorized redirect URIs,” enter this value:
https://connect.wpmailsmtp.com/google/
Click “Refresh”:
Click “OAuth client ID”:
Click “Done”:
You will see a screen similar to the following:
Installing and Configuring the WP Mail SMTP plugin for WordPress
Go to the control panel for your WordPress blog software. Go to Plugins. Search for “smtp.” Click on the “Install Now” button next to “WP Mail SMTP by WPForms”:
Click “Activate”:
Select “Gmail”:
Enter the values for “Client ID” and “Client Secret” you obtained from the Gmail control panels earlier in this procedure. Enter this value for “Authorized redirect URI”:
https://connect.wpmailsmtp.com/google/
Click “Save Settings”:
Click “Allow plugin to send emails using your Google account”:
Select the Gmail account you chose to allow the WP SMTP Mail plugin for WordPress to send email messages:
Click “Continue”:
Click “Allow”:
Click “Allow”:
Sending a test message
Enter an email address. Click “Send Email”:
An email similar to the following should arrive in the test destination mailbox:
Web presence step by step is a series of posts that show you to how to build a web presence.
In this post, we install and configure the Google Site Kit plugin for WordPress in order to access Google Analytics and Google Search Console website statistics.
Understanding the link between WordPress, the Google Site Kit plugin, Google Analytics, and Google Search Console
In order to track visitor statistics for your website, Google Analytics needs a tracking code inserted into each web page you host. Google Search Console requires that we prove we have the authorization of the owner of the domain in order to view search engine statistics specific to the domain. By installing and configuring the Google Site Kit plugin for WordPress, we are able to add the necessary tracking code, and to prove to Google that we are the authorized owner of the domain name.
Creating or choosing a Gmail account for the connections to Google Analytics and Google Search Console
We will need a Gmail account to control the Google Analytics and Google Search Console transactions for your website. This account may have to be shared with marketing consultants and sales personnel, so it should not be associated with the email for a specific employee. The Gmail account can be a personal (free) Gmail account.
Logging out of Gmail, just to be sure
Before we begin, sign out of Gmail:
Logging into the Gmail account you created for Google Analytics and Google Search Console
Login to the account you created for use with Google Analytics and Google Search Console:
Enter the password for the account:
Gmail appears, logged into the account you created to manage Google Analytics and Google Search Console transactions:
Enter a value for “Account name,” check the boxes under “Account Data Sharing Settings.” Click “Next”:
Enter a value for “Property name.” Click “Next”:
Check a box for “Business size.” Check boxes as applicable under “How do you intend to use Google Analytics with your business (Check all that apply).” Click “Create”:
Check the boxes to accept the terms, click “I Accept” (if you want to):
Do not check any of these boxes. Click “Save”:
The Google Analytics site appears:
Installing the Google Site kit plugin for WordPress
Go to the control panel for your WordPress blog. Go to Plugins. Click “Add New.” Search for:
“analytics”
Locate “Site Kit by Google — Analytics, Search Console, AdSense, Speed.” Click on the button “Install Now” for the plugin:
Click “Activate”:
Click “Start setup”:
Click “Sign in with Google”:
Select the account you created to control Google Analytics and Google Search Console transactions for your domain:
Click “Allow”:
Click “Allow”:
Click “Allow”:
Click “Proceed”:
Click “Allow”:
Click “Add site”:
Click “Go to my Dashboard”:
The Google Site Kit plugin for WordPress Dashboard appears. In the box for “Analytics,” click on “Connect service”:
Select the Gmail account you created to control Google Analytics and Google Search Console Transactions for your website:
Click “Allow”:
Click “Allow”:
Select Account, Property. Provide a value for “View Name.” Click “Proceed”:
Select the Gmail account you created to control the Google Analytics and Google Search Console transactions for your domain:
Click “Allow”:
Click “Allow”:
The Google Site Kit plugin for WordPress Dashboard appears. Note that both “Search Console” and “Analytics” are now shown as “Connected”:
Wait a few days, then come back. There will be data then.
A few years ago, the company that owned MySQL was purchased by Oracle. The open source code was legally “forked” into a project called MariaDB. When this document refers to “MySQL,” it is actually referring to the MariaDB descendant of the MySQL database engine, made possible by the terms of the GPLv2 open source software license. Notice that to maintain compatibility with existing software, the command to invoke MariaDB on the command line is “mysql.”
Generating a blowfish secret passphrase (blowfish_secret)
phpMyAdmin uses an encryption cipher called “blowfish.” We need to generate a blowfish secret passphrase to customize the phpMyAdmin config.inc.php configuration file.
Select the text in the line under “to,” right-click (or command-click on MacOS), then select “Copy”:
Keep this web browser window open. You will need to copy the text in the line above to the clipboard then paste it into the config.inc.php file in one of the steps below.
Go to the file manager for your operating system (Windows File Explorer, MacOS Finder, Linux Nautilus).
Windows
In File Explorer, right-click on the phpMyAdmin zip file. Select “Extract All.” In the next dialog, click “Extract.”
MacOS
If you downloaded the phpMyAdmin zip file with Safari
if you downloaded the phpMyAdmin zip file with Safari, the zip file’s contents will be already be extracted as a directory in the Downloads directory.
If you downloaded the phpMyAdmin zip file with Chrome
In Finder, go to the Downloads directory. Double-click on the phpMyAdmin zip file. The Archive Manager will extract the contents of the phpMyAdmin zip file to a directory in the Downloads directory.
Linux
In Nautilus, go to the Downloads directory. Right-click on the phpMyAdmin zip file. Select “Open with Archive Manager.” In Archive Manager, click on “Extract.” In the next dialog, click on “Extract.”
Renaming the phpMyAdmin-x-x-x-x directory, renaming and editing the config.inc.php configuration file
Windows
Use File Explorer. Locate the phpMyAdmin directory nested within a directory of the same name). Right-click on the directory. Select “Rename”:
enter the text “phpmyadmin”:
Locate the file “config.sample.inc.php” file. Right-click on the file. Select “Rename”:
Enter the text “config.inc.php”:
Right-click on the file “config.inc.php,” select “Open with…”:
Select the “Notepad” application. Check the box “Always use this app to open .php files.” Click OK:
Paste the blowfish secret string you obtained earlier in the step “Generating a blowfish secret passphrase (blowfish_secret)” into the $cfg[‘blowfish_secret’] string assignment. Be careful to place single quotes (‘) before and after the blowfish_secret string:
MacOS
In Finder, locate the phpMyAdmin directory. Command-click on the directory. Select “Rename”:
Enter the text “phpmyadmin”:
Locate the “config.sample.inc.php” file. Command-click on the file. Select “Rename”:
Enter the text “config.inc.php”:
Command-click on the file. Select “Always Open With,” select “TextEdit”:
Paste the blowfish secret string you obtained earlier in the step “Generating a blowfish secret passphrase (blowfish_secret)” into the $cfg[‘blowfish_secret’] string assignment. Be careful to place single quotes (‘) before and after the blowfish_secret string:
Linux
In Nautilus, locate the phpMyAdmin directory. Right-click on the directory. Select “Rename”:
Enter the text “phpmyadmin”:
Locate the “config.sample.inc.php” file. Right-click on the file. Select “Rename”:
Enter the text “config.inc.php”:
Right-click on the file. Select “Open With Other Application”:
Click on “View All Applications”:
Select “Text Editor.” Click on “Select”:
Paste the blowfish secret string you obtained earlier in the step “Generating a blowfish secret passphrase (blowfish_secret)” into the $cfg[‘blowfish_secret’] string assignment. Be careful to place single quotes (‘) before and after the blowfish_secret string:
A note about the example domain and a reminder that you should use your domain name in its place
For clarity and narrative flow we are using the example domain linuxstepbystep.com but you should substitute your domain name as appropriate.
Uploading the “phpmyadmin” directory to the Ubuntu Linux cloud server
Use the FileZilla file transfer program to connect to the Ubuntu Linux cloud server you created in Chapter 3: Buying an Ubuntu Linux cloud server from Digital Ocean. In the left (local) panel, locate the local phpmyadmin directory. Right-click (for MacOS, command-click) on the directory and select “Upload”:
Wait for the file transfer to complete:
Accessing the phpMyAdmin application using a web browser
Use a web browser to visit your domain name followed by “/phpmyadmin”:
A few years ago, the company that owned MySQL was purchased by Oracle. The open source code was legally “forked” into a project called MariaDB. When this document refers to “MySQL,” it is actually referring to the MariaDB descendant of the MySQL database engine, made possible by the terms of the GPLv2 open source software license. Notice that to maintain compatibility with existing software, the command to invoke MariaDB on the command line is “mysql.”
Creating the MySQL database for the WordPress site
Click on “Download WordPress 5.7” (the version number may have changed by the time you read this):
Click “Allow”:
Click on the download icon in the lower-right of the screen. Select “Open in Finder”:
Extracting the contents of the WordPress zip file using Windows
Go to the Downloads folder. Right-click on the WordPress zip file. Select “Extract All”:
This dialog will appear. Click “Extract”:
A dialog shows the progress in extraction of the zip file’s contents:
The extracted contents of the zip file will appear as a directory named “wordpress-xxx” (“xxx” representing the version number), within which will be a directory called “wordpress”:
Extracting the contents of the WordPress zip file using MacOS
If you downloaded the zip file with Chrome on MacOS
Double-click on the WordPress zip file:
The MacOS archive manager will extract the zip file:
If you downloaded the zip file using Safari on MacOS
Note that Safari has extracted the contents of the WordPress zip file:
Extracting the WordPress zip file using Linux
Right-click on the WordPress zip file. Select “Open with Archive Manager”:
Right-click on the “wordpress” folder within the Archive Manager. Select “Extract”:
Click on “Extract”:
The following dialog appears:
A note about the example domain and a reminder that you should use your domain name in its place
Note: for clarity and narrative flow we are using the example domain linuxstepbystep.com but you should substitute your domain name as appropriate.
Using FileZilla to transfer the WordPress files to the Ubuntu Linux cloud server
Run the FileZilla file transfer program. Enter the following information the following fields:
Host: linuxstepbystep.com Username: linuxstepbystep_com Password: xxxxxx (where “xxxxxx” is the password for the linuxstepbystep_com account) Port: 22
Click “Quickconnect”:
After connecting, you will see the contents of the server account in the right pane:
In the left pane, select the directory called “wordpress”:
In the right pane, select the directory “linuxstepbystep.com”:
In the right pane, right-click on the “index.php” file. Select “Rename,” enter the value “index.old.php”:
In the left pane, select the directory that contains the contents of the WordPress zip file:
In the left pane, select all of the files and directories:
Right-click on the selected files and folders. Select “Upload”:
Observe the progress of the file transfer in the lower window of the FileZilla file transfer program:
After the file transfer completes:
Configuring WordPress using the web installation wizard
Use a web browser to visit your domain name:
Select a language. Click “Continue”:
Click “Let’s go!”:
Complete the fields for “Database Name,” “Username,” “Password,” “Database Host.” Leave “Table Prefix” unchanged. Click “Submit”:
Click “Run the installation”:
Complete the fields for “Site Title,” “Username,” “Password,” “Your Email.” Do not check the box “Discourage search engines from indexing this file.” Click “Install WordPress”:
Click “Log In”:
The control panel for the WordPress blog software appears.
Note: this control panel can be reached by enterning your domain name followed by “/wp-admin”:
https://linuxstepbystep.com/wp-admin
Enter the username and password you selected earlier in the WordPress setup wizard. Click “Log in”:
The control panel for the WordPress blog software that enables your website:
Use a web browser to visit your domain name. You should see the default WordPress page:
Why would you want to limit a user to a chroot jail directory?
A web server can host multiple websites. You may want to give to a web contractor SFTP access for one of the websites hosted on the server, but also prevent that web contractor from viewing or modifying other files or directories on the server unrelated to the website.
We will configure the SSH server to limit each SFTP user to only be able to view or modify a specific directory and its subdirectories. The formal term for this kind of directory is “chroot,” short for “change root directory.”
In the preceding chapter, we created the usernames, specified their home directories, and specified the directory locations for websites. The directory structure, ownerships, and permissions we applied to each directory anticipated that the directories would later be configured as chroot jail directories.
A user cannot own its own home directory
A user cannot own its own home directory. A user can own a subdirectory within its home directory.
Using the Digital Ocean cloud server web console instead of an SSH terminal program to connect to the cloud server
Normally, we interact with the Ubuntu Linux cloud server hosted at Digital Ocean by connecting with an SSH terminal program. However, since we are modifying the configuration of the SSH server itself, there is a chance we could break the SSH server and lock ourselves out. The Digital Ocean cloud server console provides terminal access to the Ubuntu Linux cloud server. We will use this console to modify the SSH server to implement chroot jail directories for each user.
cd /etc/ssh
cp sshd_config sshd_config.factory
nano sshd_config
This is what it looks like when you load the file in the nano editor:
A note about the example domain and a reminder that you should use your domain name in its place
Note: for clarity and narrative flow we are using the example domain linuxstepbystep.com but you should substitute your domain name as appropriate.
Go to the bottom of the file, and add the following blocks of text:
Match User comingsoon
ChrootDirectory /usr/web/comingsoon
X11Forwarding no
AllowTcpForwarding no
ForceCommand internal-sftp
Match User linuxstepbystep_com
ChrootDirectory /usr/web/linuxstepbystep_com
X11Forwarding no
AllowTcpForwarding no
ForceCommand internal-sftp
Enter the command:
systemctl restart sshd
Obtaining the FileZilla file transfer program
Windows (client)
Warning re default “Download FileZilla” Client link for FileZilla for Windows
When downloading the Windows client from the FileZilla site, avoid the default “Download FileZilla Client” link, as it contains adware. Instead, click on the link “Show additional download options.” this is accessible via the following direct link. From this link, choose the option for “Windows 64bit x86”:
If you are using Ubuntu Linux, you can install the FileZilla file transfer program with the command:
apt install filezilla
Fedora Linux (client)
If you are using Fedora or a related Red Hat system, you can install the FileZilla file transfer program with the command:
dnf install filezilla
Using the FileZilla file transfer program to connect to the cloud server
Complete the following fields. Click “Quickconnect”:
Host: your domain name Username: linuxstepbystep_com Password: (password) Port: 22
Check the box “Always trust this host, add this key to the cache.” Click “OK”:
Note that the SFTP user is now limited to seeing the contents of its own directory. This means that if you have multiple websites on a server, the SFTP accounts that maintain those websites will not be able to view files or directories belonging to other websites or functions of the server:
Enter the subdirectory on the server to see the files and directories for the website:
Web presence step by step is a series of posts that show you to how to build a web presence.
In this post, we do advanced configuration on an Ubuntu Linux cloud server to create a Linux Apache MySQL PHP (LAMP) web server.
A note re MySQL and MariaDB
A few years ago, the company that owned MySQL was purchased by Oracle. The open source code was legally “forked” into a project called MariaDB. When this document refers to “MySQL,” it is actually referring to the MariaDB descendant of the MySQL database engine, made possible by the terms of the GPLv2 open source software license. Notice that to maintain compatibility with existing software, the command to invoke MariaDB on the command line is “mysql.”
We need to install MPM-ITK, which allows the web server to execute programs under different usernames. This means that if a website has a security issue, the damage is limited to that website’s directory: other websites and the host server should remain unaffected.
Enter the command:
apt install libapache2-mpm-itk
Configuring MySQL
The MySQL database server has been installed, but must be configured.
Enter the command:
mysql_secure_installation
Testing the MySQL server
Let’s test the MySQL server. Enter the command:
mysql -u root -p
enter the password you specified during the MySQL configuration step.
enter the command:
show databases;
You will see a list similar to the following. Enter the command:
exit
Testing that the web server is able to run PHP scripts
Let’s test that the web server is able to run PHP scripts.
Enter the commands:
cd /var/www/html nano phpinfo.php
Enter the following text in the nano editor. Save and exit the file:
<?PHP
phpinfo();
Use a web browser to load your domain name, followed by /phpinfo.php, as in:
linuxstepbystep.com/phpinfo.php
If you are successful, a page similar to the following should appear:
Configuring the Apache web server
Enter the commands:
cd /etc/apache2 cp apache2.conf apache2.conf.factory nano apache2.conf
Use the control-w command to search for the text “<directory”:
This is what it looks like when you find the section:
Insert a block with the following text:
<Directory /usr/web/>
AllowOverride All
Require all granted
</Directory>
Creating the users, directories, and documents for the websites
Enter the commands:
adduser --home /usr/web/comingsoon comingsoon
Enter and confirm a password for the user. Answer the prompts for additional information. When asked: “Is the information correct?” enter “y” for yes:
Enter the commands:
mkdir -p /usr/web/comingsoon/comingsoon cd /usr/web/comingsoon/comingsoon nano index.php
Enter the following text in the nano editor. Save and exit the file:
<?PHP
echo "<p>coming soon</p>\n";
Enter these commands, note that each “chown” and “chmod” command should be its own line:
Enter the following text in the nano editor. Note the screen capture: the line starting with “AssignUserID” should be all on the same line. Save and exit the file:
Testing the web server to see whether it can host separate virtual hosts (multiple websites)
The objective of this test is to display different text for each host name we enter in the web browser’s address bar.
Enter your domain name in a web browser’s address bar:
Enter the IP address of your cloud server in the web server’s address bar. This is to test whether the default “park page” is active. This page will be displayed if a host name is pointed at the IP address of the cloud server, but the cloud server’s web server has not yet been configured with a virtual host profile for that host name.
Installing SSL Encryption with Let’s Encrypt
Enter the following command:
apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache
Do you want to continue?
Enter “y” for yes:
Enter the command:
certbot --apache
Enter an email address:
Please read the Terms of Service at
Enter “a” for agree
Would you be willing to share your email address
Enter “no” for no
Which names would you like to activate HTTPS for?
leave input blank, press Enter:
Please choose whether or not to redirect HTTP traffic to HTTPS
Enter “2” then press Enter:
Enter the command:
systemctl restart apache2
Enter your domain name in a web browser’s address bar.
Notice the little lock symbol to the left of the host name. Click on the lock symbol, Click on Certificate. View the certificate’s details:
Web presence step by step is a series of posts that show you to how to build a web presence.
In this post, we configure a basic Linux Apache MySQL PHP (LAMP) web server and test the IP address for reputation.
A note re MySQL and MariaDB
A few years ago, the company that owned MySQL was purchased by Oracle. The open source code was legally “forked” into a project called MariaDB. When this document refers to “MySQL,” it is actually referring to the MariaDB descendant of the MySQL database engine, made possible by the terms of the GPLv2 open source software license. Notice that to maintain compatibility with existing software, the command to invoke MariaDB on the command line is “mysql.”
Installing a basic web server to test the reputation of the IP address
Sometimes, a cloud service provider will recycle an IP address with a troubled history and give you a server that has a “dirty” IP address that is blacklisted. In order to test the server’s IP address to make sure it is not blacklisted, we have to do a basic web server setup.
In order to do a basic web server setup, we will have to connect to the Ubuntu Linux cloud server with an SSH terminal program.
We will use an SSH terminal server to connect to the cloud server, and create a basic web server to test the IP address. If the IP address is blacklisted, we will simply destroy the cloud server and try again, getting a new IP address which we will test. Once we have a successful test, we can proceed to advanced web server setup in Chapter 6: Configuring an Ubuntu Linux cloud server to create a Linux Apache MySQL PHP (LAMP) web server, Part 2.
Connecting to the Ubuntu Linux cloud server with an SSH terminal program
Use an SSH terminal program to connect to the Ubuntu Linux cloud server. Enter the command:
apt-get install lamp-server^
When prompted, enter y for yes, and press Enter:
This is what it looks like when the install finishes:
Testing the IP address of the Ubuntu Linux cloud server
Use a web browser to visit the IP address of the Ubuntu Linux cloud server.
If you get a warning like this, the IP address you have been assigned has a bad reputation. If this happens for you, use the Digital Ocean control panel to destroy the cloud server, then try again.
If you get a message like this, it means that the IP address you have been assigned has a good reputation. This means that we can proceed with the rest of the build:
Associating a host name with an IP address in DNS
Visit the Digital Ocean site. Click on the IP address of the cloud server to copy it to the clipboard:
This is the DNS Zone file for your domain name. It tells the Internet where to point requests for email and your website:
Click on the edit icon for the A record for the Name “@”
Enter the IP address for your Ubuntu Linux cloud server. Specify a TTL of 1/2 hour. Click save.
Note the CNAME record:
CNAME www @ 1 Hour
a CNAME, or “canonical name” is a nickname for a host. It means that www.yourdomainname.com will point to the IP address set for yourdomainname.com
GoDaddy populates a DNS zone file with this CNAME record by default. We are discussing this because you need to know this much about DNS zone files and domain names if you want to run a web server.
Click on “Got it!” to remove the message at the bottom. Click on “DOWNLOAD KiTTY Windows classic”:
In the lower-left of your browser, right-click on the name of the downloaded file. Select “Show in folder”:
Right-click on kitty program. Click “Open”:
Un-check the box “Always ask before opening this file.” Click “Run”:
Host Name (or IP address): enter the IP address of your cloud server Port: 22 Connection type: SSH Saved Sessions/New Folder: enter the IP address of your cloud server
Click Save. Click Open:
The following warning appears. Click Yes:
A terminal window appears. This is what it looks like after you login::
MacOS
From Finder, go to Applications. From the Applications folder, double-click on Utilities:
Scroll down and locate the Terminal application. Double-click to start Terminal:
A Terminal window appears:
From this window, enter the command: root@ipaddressofyourcloudserver, substituting the IP address of your cloud server. This is what it looks like after you login:
Linux
There are 2 ways to launch the Terminal program under Linux.
Opening a Terminal session by right-clicking on the desktop
Right-click on the desktop. Select “Open in Terminal”:
A Terminal window appears:
Opening a Terminal session by clicking “Show Applications”
Click on the icon in the lower-left of your desktop to “Show Applications.” Scroll down to find the terminal program,
or enter the word “terminal” in the box “Type to search”:
A Terminal window appears:
From this window, enter the command: root@ipaddressofyourcloudserver, substituting the IP address of your cloud server:
Web presence step by step is a series of posts that will show you how to build a web presence.
In this post, we buy an Ubuntu Linux cloud server from Digital Ocean.
Connecting to the Digital Ocean site
Visit the Digital Ocean site. Create an account, or login to an existing account.
Click on “Create,” click on “Droplets”:
“Choose an image”: Ubuntu 20.04 (LTS) x64 “Choose a plan”: Shared CPU Basic
Click to select the option for “$5/mo”: (NOTE: this has recently changed to “$6/mo”)
Scroll down.
“Choose a datacenter region”: choose a region. “Authentication”: click to select the option “Password.” “Create root password”: enter a password.
Scroll down.
“Choose a hostname”: enter a hostname. This should in the format servername.yourdomain.com “Add backups”: Click to select the option “Enable backups.”
Click Create Droplet:
For a few seconds, you can watch a progress bar as the cloud server is being created:
Take note of your new cloud server’s IP address.
Tip: If you move your mouse pointer over the IP address, you will see the word “copy.” You can click on the IP address to copy the IP address for the cloud server to the clipboard.
